Process of reserving animal fibers in mixed fabrics



Patented July 20, 1937 UNITED. STATES 2,087,284 PATENT OFFIQE PROCESS OF RESERVING ANIMAL FIBERS IN MIXED FABRICS Fritz Guenther, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,

No Drawing. Original application April 8, 1930, Serial No. 442,716. Divided and this application May 28, 1936, Serial No. 82,314. In Germany April 13, 1929 6 Claims.

substantive dyestuff, even when maintaining moderate temperatures, so that undesirable mixed dyeings and discolorations are obtained. 15 We have now found that the dyeing of such mixed fabrics can be carried out in a very satisfactory manner by introducing into the dyebath, serving for dyeing the fibers of vegetable origin acid sulphuric acid esters of non-aromatic 20 compounds, i. e. aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or mixed aromatic-aliphatic compounds, which contain at least eight carbon atoms and at least one group capable of being readily converted into a sulphuric acid ester group, i. e. an olefinic linkage,

25 or hydroxyl group, or other group or atom, such as a halogen atom, which may readily be converted into the olefinic or hydroxyl group, but which are free from free or neutralized carboxylic groups.

30 In this manner the dyeing of the wool or the silk of the mixed fabric by the substantive dyestufl is to a great extent prevented without the absorption of the dyestuff by the fibers of cellulose or cellulose derivatives such as viscose or 35 also cellulose esters such as nitrocellulose, being injuriously influenced. When working in this -manner a disagreeable discoloration of the animal fibers is avoided without impairing the dyeing effect on the cellulose fibers.

40 The sulphuric esters may be chosen from those of primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols, or

ketones and ethers which contain at least one hydroxyl group or olefinic linkage, whereas those derived from carboxylic acids containing olefinic 45 linkages or hydroxyl groups or their salts, esters, chlorides and amides are not employed. Instead of a single compound of the said nature mixtures of several of these may be used. Such mixtures are for example acid sulphuric esters 50 obtained by sulphonating the mixtures of alcohols of high molecular weight obtainable from oxidation products of naphthene mixtures or fractions of petroleum by separating unattacked initial materials and acid reaction products.

55 The sulphuric esters to be employed are characterized by equally good wetting power in neutral, acidor alkaline liquors. They also have a high stability against substances which produce the hardness of water. The sulphuric esters may be employed as such or in the form of their water-soluble salts; the esters or their salts may be employed alone or in conjunction with other wetting or emulsifying agents such as soaps, products of the type of Turkey red oils, sulphonic acids of aliphatic or aromatic and particularly of polynuclear compounds 'or their salts, or with protective colloids such as glue, gelatine or vegetable mucilages or gums, or organic solvents such as monocresyl ethylene glycol ether, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone or trichlorethylene, or bleaching agents such as perborates, percarbonates and para-toluene sulphonic chloramide sodium. Salts as for example soda, sodium bicarbonate, water-glass, common salt, neutral or acid sodium sulphate, ortho-, metaand pyro-phosphates may also be added.

The following example will further illustrate the nature of this invention, but the'invention is not restricted to this example.

Example fGlaubers salt and 3 per cent of the product 3 obtained by sulphonating with its own weight of sulphuric acid monohydrate a mixture of olei fines obtainable by splitting off water from the portion freed from acids and unattacked initial material of the liquid oxidation products of liquid or solid hydrocarbons of the paraflin or naphthene series. which otherwise goes on the Wool, is thus prevented from dyeing the wool of the mixed fabric.

The Oxamine Pure Blue In the place of the sulphuric ester referred to, the sodium salt of an acid sulphuric ester of an alcohol obtained by the oxidation of Russian gas oil may be employed, which alcohol can be obtained by separating the acid constituents of the oxidation product by saponification with caustic alkaline earths and extracting the alcohol from the solid soaps by treating the latter with about 60 per cent ethyl alcohol. The said sulphuric acid may be also replaced by the sodium salt of the acid sulphuric ester of cetyl alcohol.

What we claim is:

1. The process of reserving animal fibers in mixed fabrics containing the same and fibers of vegetable origin which comprises introducing into the dye-bath serving for dyeing the fibers of vegetable origin an acid sulphuric acid ester of a compound selected from the class consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and mixed aromatic-aliphatic compounds containing at least 8 carbon atoms and at least one group capable of being readily converted into a sulphuric acid ester group selected from the class consisting of the olefinic linkage and the hydroxyl group but free from carboxylic groups. a

2. The process of reserving animal fibers in mixed fabrics containing the same and fibers of vegetable origin which comprises introducing into the dye-bath serving for dyeing the fibers of vegeta'ble origin an acid sulphuric acid ester of an aliphatic compound containing at least 8 carbon atoms and at least one group capable of being readily converted into a sulphuric acid ester group selected from the class consisting of the olefinic linkage and the hydroxyl group but free from carboxylic groups.

3. The process of reserving animal fibers in mixed fabrics containing the same and fibers of vegetable origin which comprises introducing into the dye-bath serving for dyeing the fibers of vegetable origin "an acid sulphuric acid ester of a compound selected from the class consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and mixed aromatic-aliphatic compounds containing at least 8 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group but free from carboxylic groups. 4. The process of reserving animal fibers in mixed fabrics containing the same and fibers of vegetable origin which comprises introducing into the dye-bath serving for dyeing the fibers of vegetable origin an acid sulphuric acid ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing at least 8 carbon atoms.

5. The process of reserving animal fibers in mixed fabrics containing the same and fibers of vegetable origin which comprises introducing into the dye-bath serving for dyeing the fibers of vegetable origin a water-soluble salt of an acid sulphuric acid ester of a compound selected from the class consisting of alphatic, cycloaliphatic and mixed aromatic-aliphatic compounds containing at least 8 carbon atoms and at least one group capable of being readily converted into a sulphuric acid ester group selected from the class consisting of the olefinic linkage and the hydroxyl. 

